Abstract
Hormonal Intrauterine Devices (IUD) were developed based on copper IUD with the role to release a daily amount of hormones. From a structural point of view Levonorgestrel-IUD (L-IUD) is a small T-shaped piece of plastic, which contains levonorgestrel. When compared with the oral route of L-IUD administration, it provides some advantages because it releases levonorgestrel directly into the uterus. Our aims were: (1) to compare the thickness of uterine jonctional zone (UJZ) in two groups of patients with and without inserted L-IUD, (2) to evaluate the changes in thickness of UJZ after the insertion of L-IUD in two patients with adenomyosis, and (3) to obtain and to characterize a similar T-shaped polyurethane (PU) foam used as a levonorgestrel delivery system. On the one hand, the results confirm that L-IUD is effective in thinning the UJZ and in the treatment of adenomyosis, while on the other hand, the characterization of the PU materials (Zetasizer measurements, their thermal degradation, UV-Vis spectra and skin irritation tests) revealed that this polymer can be used as a safety and prolonged levonorgestrel carrier.
Keywords: adenomyosis; junctional zone; levonorgestrel-releasing IUD; mexametry; polymer structures; thermal behavior; Zeta potential