/* =============================================================================
   MP Academic Publishing Platform — Global Styles
   Single file for now (Phase 2). Phase 5 may split into tokens / components.

   Adapted from D:/web/tsp/MP/合作刊网站/1-publisher-home-v2.html.
   CSS Variables = theme tokens, so each site can override via inline <style>.
   ========================================================================== */

/* ---------- 1. Design Tokens --------------------------------------------- */
:root {
  --c-primary: #1e3a8a;
  --c-primary-hover: #172554;
  --c-primary-dark: #0f172a;
  --c-primary-light: #3b82f6;
  --c-accent: #059669;
  --c-accent-hover: #047857;
  --c-warning-bg: #fef3c7;
  --c-warning-text: #b45309;
  --c-danger-bg: #fee2e2;
  --c-danger-text: #b91c1c;
  --c-danger-border: #fca5a5;

  --c-bg-body: #f8fafc;
  --c-bg-surface: #ffffff;
  --c-bg-alt: #f1f5f9;
  --c-border: #e2e8f0;
  --c-text-main: #334155;
  --c-text-muted: #64748b;
  --c-text-dark: #0f172a;

  --font-ui: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  --font-reading: "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif;

  --max-width: 1400px;
  --radius-sm: 4px;
  --radius-md: 6px;
  --radius-lg: 8px;
  --radius-xl: 12px;
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 0.05);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.08);
  --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.10);
  --shadow-hover: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.10), 0 10px 10px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}

/* ---------- 2. Reset + base --------------------------------------------- */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html, body { height: 100%; }
body {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  color: var(--c-text-main);
  background-color: var(--c-bg-body);
  line-height: 1.6;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}
a { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; transition: color .2s, background-color .2s; }
a:hover { color: var(--c-primary-hover); text-decoration: underline; }
ul { list-style: none; }
img, svg { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { font-family: var(--font-reading); color: var(--c-text-dark); line-height: 1.25; }
p { margin: 0 0 1em; }

/* ---------- 3. Layout utilities ----------------------------------------- */
.container { max-width: var(--max-width); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 1.5rem; }
.section { padding: 4rem 0; }
.section-tight { padding: 2.5rem 0; }
.flex { display: flex; }
.items-center { align-items: center; }
.justify-between { justify-content: space-between; }
.gap-2 { gap: .5rem; } .gap-3 { gap: .75rem; } .gap-4 { gap: 1rem; } .gap-6 { gap: 1.5rem; }
.text-muted { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.text-dark { color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.mt-4 { margin-top: 1rem; } .mt-6 { margin-top: 1.5rem; } .mt-8 { margin-top: 2rem; }

/* ---------- 4. Header / Footer / Main nav ------------------------------- */
.topbar { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.topbar .container { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; height: 36px; }
.topbar-links { display: flex; gap: 1rem; }

.site-header { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 100; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.site-header .container { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; height: 75px; }
.logo { font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--c-primary); letter-spacing: -0.5px; }
.logo:hover { text-decoration: none; color: var(--c-primary-hover); }
.site-header .actions { display: flex; gap: .75rem; }

.main-nav { background: var(--c-primary); }
.main-nav ul { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; max-width: var(--max-width); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 1.5rem; list-style: none; }
.main-nav ul li { list-style: none; }
.main-nav a { display: block; padding: .8rem 1.25rem; color: #e2e8f0; font-weight: 500; font-size: .95rem; }
.main-nav a:hover, .main-nav a.active { background: rgba(255,255,255,.1); color: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
.header-top { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; height: 70px; }

.footer { background: var(--c-primary-dark); color: #cbd5e1; padding: 4rem 0 2rem; font-size: .95rem; margin-top: 4rem; }
.footer-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 3rem; max-width: var(--max-width); margin: 0 auto 3rem; padding: 0 1.5rem; }
.footer h3 { color: #fff; font-size: 1.05rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.footer p { color: #cbd5e1; }
.footer ul, .footer .footer-links { padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.footer li, .footer .footer-links li { margin-bottom: .6rem; list-style: none; }
/* Selectors below use ".footer ul a" to beat ".link-list a" specificity */
.footer a,
.footer ul a,
.footer .footer-links a { color: #94a3b8; border: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; display: inline; }
.footer a:hover,
.footer ul a:hover,
.footer .footer-links a:hover { color: #fff; text-decoration: none; border: none; }
.footer .copyright { text-align: center; padding: 1.5rem 1.5rem 0; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1); color: #94a3b8; font-size: .85rem; max-width: var(--max-width); margin: 0 auto; }

/* ---------- 5. Buttons --------------------------------------------------- */
.button, .btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  padding: .65rem 1.25rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-weight: 600; font-size: .95rem; cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform .15s, box-shadow .15s, background-color .15s, color .15s;
  border: 1px solid transparent; text-decoration: none;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.button:hover, .btn:hover { text-decoration: none; transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }
.button:disabled, .btn:disabled { opacity: .55; cursor: not-allowed; }
.button.secondary, .btn.secondary, .btn-outline {
  background: transparent; color: var(--c-text-dark); border-color: var(--c-border);
}
.button.secondary:hover, .btn.secondary:hover, .btn-outline:hover {
  border-color: var(--c-primary); color: var(--c-primary); background: var(--c-bg-alt);
}
.button:not(.secondary):not(.accent):not(.btn-outline) { background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; }
.button:not(.secondary):not(.accent):not(.btn-outline):hover { background: var(--c-primary-hover); color: #fff; }
.btn-primary { background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; }
.btn-primary:hover { background: var(--c-primary-hover); color: #fff; }
.btn-accent, .button.accent { background: var(--c-accent); color: #fff; }
.btn-accent:hover, .button.accent:hover { background: var(--c-accent-hover); color: #fff; }
.btn-sm { padding: .4rem 1rem; font-size: .85rem; }

/* ---------- 6. Hero ------------------------------------------------------ */
.hero { background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--c-primary-dark) 0%, var(--c-primary) 100%); color: #fff; padding: 5rem 0 6rem; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.hero::before { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: -50%; background-image: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255,255,255,.05) 10%, transparent 10%), radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255,255,255,.05) 10%, transparent 10%); background-size: 60px 60px; background-position: 0 0, 30px 30px; opacity: .3; pointer-events: none; }
.hero .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.hero h1 { font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.5rem); color: #fff; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
.hero .lead, .hero p { font-size: 1.15rem; color: #cbd5e1; max-width: 800px; }
.hero-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; align-items: center; }
.hero .badge-row { display: flex; gap: .5rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* ---------- 7. Search form ---------------------------------------------- */
.search-form { display: flex; gap: .5rem; background: #fff; padding: .5rem; border-radius: var(--radius-md); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); max-width: 700px; }
.search-form input[type="search"], .search-form input[type="text"] {
  flex: 1; border: none; outline: none;
  padding: .8rem 1.25rem; font-size: 1rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); color: var(--c-text-dark);
  background: transparent;
}
.search-form .button { padding: .75rem 1.75rem; }

/* ---------- 8. Badge ----------------------------------------------------- */
.badge { display: inline-block; padding: .2rem .6rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .03em; background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-text-main); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
.badge-oa { background: #ecfdf5; color: var(--c-accent-hover); border-color: #a7f3d0; }
.badge-type { background: var(--c-warning-bg); color: var(--c-warning-text); border-color: #fde68a; }
.badge-deadline { background: var(--c-danger-bg); color: var(--c-danger-text); border: 1px solid var(--c-danger-border); }
.badge-row { display: flex; gap: .5rem; margin-bottom: .75rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* ---------- 9. Section header ------------------------------------------ */
.section-header { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; margin-bottom: 2rem; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; }
.section-title { font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.5vw, 2.2rem); color: var(--c-text-dark); font-family: var(--font-reading); margin: 0; }
.section-desc { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: 1.02rem; margin-top: .25rem; max-width: 700px; }

/* ---------- 10. Card grid + generic .card ------------------------------ */
.card-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); gap: 1.5rem; }
.card { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem; transition: transform .2s, box-shadow .2s, border-color .2s; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .65rem; }
.card:hover { border-color: var(--c-primary-light); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.card h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0; }
.card h3 a { color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.card h3 a:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.card .meta { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .85rem; }
.card p { color: var(--c-text-main); margin: 0; }

/* Journal card (publisher-portal first page + journals list) */
.j-card { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-xl); overflow: hidden; transition: transform .25s, box-shadow .25s; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); display: flex; flex-direction: column; position: relative; }
.j-card:hover { transform: translateY(-6px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover); }
.j-card::after { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 4px; background: var(--c-primary); }
.j-info { padding: 1.5rem; flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; }
.j-title { font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 1.3rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.j-issn { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .85rem; }
.j-actions { display: flex; gap: .5rem; margin-top: auto; padding-top: 1rem; }

/* Paper card (Featured Papers) */
.paper-card { position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.paper-card::before { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 4px; height: 100%; background: var(--c-primary); }

/* Special-issue card (CFP) */
.si-card .cfp-deadline { background: var(--c-danger-bg); color: var(--c-danger-text); border: 1px solid var(--c-danger-border); display: inline-flex; padding: .3rem .8rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-weight: 700; font-size: .85rem; }

/* ---------- 11. Metric strip / metric box ------------------------------- */
.metric-strip { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1.5rem; margin: 1rem 0; }
.metric { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .15rem; min-width: 100px; }
.metric span { font-size: .75rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em; font-weight: 600; }
.metric strong { font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 700; }

.metrics-container { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(180px, 1fr)); padding: 2rem; text-align: center; gap: 1.5rem; max-width: 1000px; margin: -3rem auto 3rem; position: relative; z-index: 5; }
.metric-box h3 { font-size: 2.25rem; color: var(--c-primary); font-family: var(--font-ui); font-weight: 800; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: .25rem; }
.metric-box p { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; margin: 0; }

/* ---------- 12. Panel (sidebar/info box) -------------------------------- */
.panel { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.75rem; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.panel h2 { font-size: 1.3rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.link-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.link-list li { margin: 0; }
.link-list a { color: var(--c-text-dark); padding: .35rem 0; display: inline-block; border-left: 3px solid transparent; padding-left: .75rem; margin-left: -.75rem; }
.link-list a:hover { color: var(--c-primary); border-left-color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }

/* ---------- 13. Article detail with sidebar ---------------------------- */
.journal-layout, .content-grid, .article-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 320px; gap: 2.5rem; }
.article-layout aside, .journal-layout aside, .content-grid > section:last-child { position: sticky; top: 100px; align-self: start; }

.article-meta { font-size: .92rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin: .5rem 0 1rem; }
.article-authors { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--c-text-main); margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.article-authors .corresponding::after { content: " ✉"; color: var(--c-accent); }
.article-affiliations { font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.article-body { font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.75; }
.article-body h2, .article-body h3 { margin-top: 2rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.article-body h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
.article-body h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
.article-body p { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.article-references { margin-top: 2.5rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.article-references ol { padding-left: 1.5rem; }
.article-references li { margin-bottom: .75rem; font-size: .92rem; color: var(--c-text-main); }

/* ---------- 14. Breadcrumb --------------------------------------------- */
.breadcrumb { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .9rem; padding: 1rem 0; }
.breadcrumb a { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--c-primary); }
.breadcrumb .separator { margin: 0 .5rem; color: var(--c-border); }

/* ---------- 15. Pagination --------------------------------------------- */
.pagination { display: flex; gap: .25rem; justify-content: center; margin: 2rem 0; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.pagination a, .pagination span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-width: 38px; height: 38px; padding: 0 .75rem; border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); color: var(--c-text-dark); font-size: .9rem; }
.pagination a:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); border-color: var(--c-primary); color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.pagination .current { background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; border-color: var(--c-primary); }
.pagination .disabled { color: var(--c-text-muted); pointer-events: none; opacity: .5; }

/* ---------- 16. Filter / Sidebar facets ------------------------------- */
.filter-sidebar { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem; }
.filter-sidebar h3 { font-size: 1rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.filter-group { margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
.filter-group label { display: block; padding: .35rem 0; color: var(--c-text-main); }

/* ---------- 17. Tables (issue TOC etc.) ------------------------------- */
.toc-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; }
.toc-row { display: flex; gap: 1rem; padding: 1rem 1.5rem; background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-md); }
.toc-row .pages { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .85rem; min-width: 70px; }

/* ---------- 18. Tag list (keywords) ----------------------------------- */
.tag-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; }
.tag { background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-text-main); padding: .25rem .65rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-size: .85rem; }

/* ---------- 19. Responsive -------------------------------------------- */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .hero-grid, .journal-layout, .content-grid, .article-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .article-layout aside, .journal-layout aside { position: static; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .container { padding: 0 1rem; }
  .topbar { display: none; }
  .site-header .container { gap: 1rem; }
  .site-header .search-form { display: none; }
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .section { padding: 2.5rem 0; }
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .main-nav a { font-size: .85rem; padding: .75rem .85rem; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   20. Single-Journal Home Layout (port of 合作刊网站/1-home.html)
   Applies when wrapper has class `.layout-single-journal`.
   Includes: hero w/ ISSN+metrics+CTA, main-grid (1fr+320px), current-issue,
   article-card (vertical list), si-card mini, sidebar widgets.
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-single-journal { /* marker */ }

.hero-section {
  background: var(--c-primary-dark);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 3rem 0;
  border-bottom: 4px solid var(--c-accent);
}
.hero-section .container { max-width: var(--max-width); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 1.5rem; }
.j-hero-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 350px; gap: 3rem; align-items: center; }
.journal-title { font-size: 2.8rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .5rem; line-height: 1.2; color: #fff; }
.journal-issn { color: #94a3b8; font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }

.hero-search { background: #fff; padding: .5rem; border-radius: var(--radius-md); display: flex; align-items: center; max-width: 600px; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.hero-search input { flex: 1; padding: .8rem 1rem; border: none; outline: none; font-size: 1rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.hero-search button { padding: .8rem 1.5rem; background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; border: none; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; transition: background .2s; }
.hero-search button:hover { background: var(--c-primary-light); }

.journal-metrics { display: flex; gap: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1); padding-top: 1.5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.journal-metrics .metric-box { text-align: left; }
.journal-metrics .metric-box h4 { font-size: 1.8rem; color: var(--c-accent); margin-bottom: .2rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); font-weight: 800; }
.journal-metrics .metric-box span { display: block; font-size: .85rem; color: #cbd5e1; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .5px; }
.journal-metrics .metric-box small { display: block; margin-top: .15rem; font-size: .7rem; color: #94a3b8; letter-spacing: .3px; }

.hero-cta { background: rgba(255,255,255,.05); padding: 2rem; border-radius: var(--radius-lg); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; }
.hero-cta .btn { width: 100%; }
.hero-cta .btn-outline { color: #fff; border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.3); background: transparent; }
.hero-cta .btn-outline:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.55); color: #fff; }

.main-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 320px; gap: 2.5rem; padding: 3rem 0; align-items: start; }

.j-section-title { font-size: 1.5rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c-primary); padding-bottom: .5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; font-family: var(--font-reading); }
.j-section-title a { font-size: .9rem; font-weight: normal; }
.j-section-title:not(:first-child) { margin-top: 3rem; }

/* Current Issue */
.current-issue { display: flex; gap: 1.5rem; background: var(--c-bg-surface); padding: 1.5rem; border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.issue-cover { width: 140px; height: 200px; background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .85rem; flex-shrink: 0; text-align: center; padding: .5rem; line-height: 1.3; overflow: hidden; }
.issue-cover img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block; }
.issue-cover:has(img) { padding: 0; }
.issue-info { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.issue-info h3 { font-size: 1.4rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .5rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); }
.issue-info p { font-size: .95rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-main); }
.issue-articles { font-size: .9rem; margin: 0 0 1rem 1rem; list-style: circle; color: var(--c-text-muted); padding: 0; }
.issue-articles li { margin-bottom: .3rem; list-style: circle; }

/* Article row — vertical list inside .panel */
.article-card { padding: 1.5rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; }
.article-card:last-child { border-bottom: none; padding-bottom: 0; }
.article-meta { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); display: flex; gap: 1rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.article-card-title { font-size: 1.25rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark); line-height: 1.4; }
.article-card-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); }
.article-card-authors { font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-primary); }
.article-card-tools { display: flex; gap: 1rem; font-size: .85rem; margin-top: .5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.article-card-tools .text-muted { color: var(--c-text-muted); }

/* Mini SI card (single-journal layout, 2-column) */
.si-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
.layout-single-journal .si-card { border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.2rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt); transition: border-color .2s; box-shadow: none; transform: none; }
.layout-single-journal .si-card:hover { border-color: var(--c-primary); transform: none; box-shadow: none; }
.layout-single-journal .si-card h4 { font-size: 1.1rem; margin-bottom: .5rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-family: var(--font-reading); }
.layout-single-journal .si-card h4 a { color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.layout-single-journal .si-card h4 a:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.si-card .si-meta { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.si-deadline { font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-danger-text); font-size: .85rem; }

/* Sidebar widgets */
.widget { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.widget-title { font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .8rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: 600; font-family: var(--font-ui); }

.news-list { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; }
.news-list li { margin-bottom: 1rem; padding-bottom: 1rem; border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--c-border); list-style: none; }
.news-list li:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 0; border-bottom: none; }
.news-date { font-size: .8rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); display: block; margin-bottom: .2rem; }
.news-title { font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 500; }
.news-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }

.link-list-arrow { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; }
.link-list-arrow li { margin-bottom: .5rem; list-style: none; }
.link-list-arrow a { color: var(--c-text-main); font-size: .95rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; padding: 0; border: none; margin: 0; }
.link-list-arrow a:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; border: none; }
.link-list-arrow a::before { content: "›"; color: var(--c-accent); font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.2rem; }

.indexed-grid { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; padding: .25rem 0; }
.indexed-grid .indexed-pill {
  background: var(--c-bg-body);
  padding: .45rem .8rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  font-weight: 600; font-size: .82rem;
  color: var(--c-text-dark);
  border-radius: 999px;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background .15s, border-color .15s, color .15s;
}
.indexed-grid a.indexed-pill:hover {
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff;
  border-color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .j-hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .hero-cta { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; padding: 1.5rem; }
  .hero-cta .btn { flex: 1 1 200px; }
  .main-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .si-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .current-issue { flex-direction: column; }
  .issue-cover { width: 100%; height: 160px; }
  .journal-title { font-size: 2rem; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   21. Journal Home Layout (port of 合作刊网站/journal-home.html)
   Applies under `.layout-journal-home`.
   Scoped because: hero-grid, section-header, section-title, main-grid,
   metric-box, widget-title, sidebar already exist in other layouts with
   different styling. Scoping keeps single-journal home + publisher portal
   from drifting when we tweak this view.
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-journal-home .journal-hero {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding: 3rem 0;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}
.layout-journal-home .journal-hero .container { max-width: var(--max-width); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 1.5rem; }
.layout-journal-home .hero-grid { display: flex; gap: 3rem; align-items: stretch; grid-template-columns: none; }

.layout-journal-home .hero-cover {
  width: 200px; flex-shrink: 0; box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--c-primary-dark); align-self: flex-start;
}
.layout-journal-home .hero-cover svg,
.layout-journal-home .hero-cover img { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

.layout-journal-home .hero-info { flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; }
.layout-journal-home .journal-title { font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 2.8rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .5rem; line-height: 1.2; }
.layout-journal-home .journal-issn { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); font-weight: 500; }
.layout-journal-home .journal-desc { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.6; max-width: 800px; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.layout-journal-home .hero-actions { display: flex; gap: 1rem; margin-top: auto; flex-wrap: wrap; }

.layout-journal-home .main-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 340px; gap: 3rem; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 5rem; padding: 0; }

.layout-journal-home .section-header { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c-primary); padding-bottom: .5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.layout-journal-home .section-title { font-size: 1.5rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-family: var(--font-ui); font-weight: 700; margin: 0; }
.layout-journal-home .btn-text { background: transparent; color: var(--c-primary); padding: .4rem 0; border: none; font-weight: 600; font-size: .9rem; }
.layout-journal-home .btn-text:hover { color: var(--c-primary-hover); text-decoration: underline; }

.layout-journal-home .article-list { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); overflow: hidden; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.layout-journal-home .toc-item { display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 1.6rem 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); transition: background .2s; }
.layout-journal-home .toc-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.layout-journal-home .toc-item:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); }

.layout-journal-home .toc-header-row { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: .8rem; font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-ui); gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.layout-journal-home .publish-date { font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-journal-home .toc-article-title { font-size: 1.2rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .5rem; display: block; line-height: 1.4; }
.layout-journal-home .toc-article-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.layout-journal-home .toc-authors { font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-main); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.layout-journal-home .toc-meta-row { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-top: .5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .75rem; }
.layout-journal-home .toc-meta-info { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-journal-home .toc-actions { display: flex; gap: .6rem; align-items: center; }

/* Sidebar */
.layout-journal-home .sidebar { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem; }
.layout-journal-home .sidebar-widget { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.layout-journal-home .widget-title { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: 1.1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .5rem; font-weight: 700; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-journal-home .submit-widget { background: var(--c-bg-alt); border-color: var(--c-primary-light); }
.layout-journal-home .submit-widget .btn { width: 100%; padding: .9rem; font-size: 1rem; }

.layout-journal-home .metrics-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: .75rem; }
.layout-journal-home .metrics-grid .metric-box {
  text-align: center; background: var(--c-bg-alt); padding: 1rem .5rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .25rem;
}
.layout-journal-home .metrics-grid .metric-val { font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 800; color: var(--c-primary); line-height: 1.2; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-journal-home .metrics-grid .metric-lbl { font-size: .72rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .03em; }
.layout-journal-home .metrics-grid .metric-full { grid-column: 1 / -1; }

.layout-journal-home .online-first-widget { background: #eff6ff; border-color: #bfdbfe; }
.layout-journal-home .online-first-widget .widget-title { color: #1e40af; border-bottom-color: #93c5fd; }

.layout-journal-home .archive-links { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .4rem; }
.layout-journal-home .archive-year-link { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-main); padding: .4rem .6rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); transition: background .2s; }
.layout-journal-home .archive-year-link:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.layout-journal-home .archive-vol-badge { font-size: .8rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-reading); }

.layout-journal-home .eic-profile { display: flex; gap: 1rem; align-items: center; }
.layout-journal-home .eic-avatar { width: 56px; height: 56px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; flex-shrink: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; }
.layout-journal-home .eic-info h4 { margin: 0 0 .2rem 0; font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-family: var(--font-ui); font-weight: 700; }
.layout-journal-home .eic-info p { margin: 0; font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); line-height: 1.4; }

.layout-journal-home .indexing-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; }
.layout-journal-home .index-tag {
  background: var(--c-bg-body); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding: .35rem .7rem; border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background .15s, border-color .15s, color .15s;
}
.layout-journal-home a.index-tag:hover {
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff;
  border-color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-journal-home .hero-grid { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; gap: 2rem; }
  .layout-journal-home .journal-desc { text-align: justify; margin: 0 auto 1.5rem auto; }
  .layout-journal-home .hero-actions { justify-content: center; }
  .layout-journal-home .main-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-journal-home .sidebar { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr)); }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-journal-home .journal-title { font-size: 2rem; }
  .layout-journal-home .toc-item { padding: 1.25rem; }
  .layout-journal-home .toc-meta-row { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .layout-journal-home .metrics-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-journal-home .metrics-grid .metric-full { grid-column: auto; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   22. Articles List Layout (port of 合作刊网站/2-articles.html)
   Applies under `.layout-articles-list`. Adds: page-header + sort dropdown,
   left filter sidebar (sticky) using native <details>, vertical article list
   with 3-line abstract clamp, dashed footer (DOI/metrics + Full-Text/PDF).
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-articles-list .page-header { padding: 1rem 0 1.5rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.layout-articles-list .page-title  { font-size: 2rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .35rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-articles-list .results-count { color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: 1rem; }
.layout-articles-list .sort-controls { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; font-size: .9rem; }
.layout-articles-list .sort-controls select { padding: .4rem 2rem .4rem .8rem; border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-family: var(--font-ui); color: var(--c-text-dark); background-color: var(--c-bg-surface); outline: none; cursor: pointer; }
.layout-articles-list .sort-controls select:focus { border-color: var(--c-primary); }

.layout-articles-list .articles-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 280px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 2.5rem; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 4rem; }

/* Filter sidebar */
.layout-articles-list .filter-sidebar { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); position: sticky; top: 1rem; max-height: calc(100vh - 2rem); overflow-y: auto; padding: 0; }
.layout-articles-list .filter-header { padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); background: var(--c-bg-alt); border-radius: var(--radius-lg) var(--radius-lg) 0 0; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-articles-list .clear-filters { font-size: .8rem; color: var(--c-primary); font-weight: 600; }
.layout-articles-list .filter-search { padding: 1rem 1.25rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
.layout-articles-list .filter-search input { width: 100%; padding: .55rem .65rem; border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: .9rem; outline: none; }
.layout-articles-list .filter-search input:focus { border-color: var(--c-primary); }

.layout-articles-list details.filter-group { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
.layout-articles-list details.filter-group:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.layout-articles-list summary.filter-title { padding: .85rem 1.25rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark); cursor: pointer; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; list-style: none; user-select: none; font-size: .95rem; }
.layout-articles-list summary.filter-title::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.layout-articles-list summary.filter-title::after { content: "+"; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: normal; }
.layout-articles-list details[open] summary.filter-title::after { content: "−"; }
.layout-articles-list .filter-content { padding: 0 1.25rem 1rem; }
.layout-articles-list .checkbox-item { display: flex; align-items: center; margin-bottom: .5rem; cursor: pointer; font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-main); gap: .65rem; }
.layout-articles-list .checkbox-item input[type="checkbox"] { width: 16px; height: 16px; accent-color: var(--c-primary); cursor: pointer; margin: 0; }
.layout-articles-list .checkbox-item .count { margin-left: auto; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .8rem; }

/* Article cards (override the global .article-card so this layout stays unique) */
.layout-articles-list .articles-pane { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.25rem; }
.layout-articles-list .article-card { background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .7rem; transition: box-shadow .2s, border-color .2s; box-shadow: none; }
.layout-articles-list .article-card:hover { border-color: #cbd5e1; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); transform: none; }
.layout-articles-list .article-card::before { content: none; }

.layout-articles-list .article-meta { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); display: flex; gap: .8rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.layout-articles-list .article-title { font-size: 1.3rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark); line-height: 1.4; display: block; }
.layout-articles-list .article-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.layout-articles-list .article-authors { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-articles-list .article-abstract {
  font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.6;
  display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-articles-list .article-footer {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  margin-top: .5rem; padding-top: 1rem; border-top: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;
}
.layout-articles-list .article-metrics-row { display: flex; gap: 1rem; font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); flex-wrap: wrap; }
.layout-articles-list .article-actions { display: flex; gap: .6rem; }

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-articles-list .articles-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-articles-list .filter-sidebar { position: static; max-height: none; }
  .layout-articles-list .page-header { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .layout-articles-list .sort-controls { width: 100%; justify-content: space-between; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-articles-list .article-footer { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .layout-articles-list .article-actions { width: 100%; justify-content: space-between; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   23. Article Detail Layout (port of 合作刊网站/2.1-article_detail.html)
   Applies under `.layout-article-detail`. 3-col grid: TOC rail + main + tools.
   Includes citation widget (APA/Vancouver/IEEE tabs + copy-to-clipboard).
   ========================================================================== */

/* Article detail uses the same 1280px chrome as every other page so the
   shared sticky header / nav / footer stay aligned when navigating between
   an article and the rest of the site. The 3-column grid below fits inside
   that width (260 + content + 300 rails leaves ~590px for the article body,
   a comfortable reading measure). */
.layout-article-detail .article-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 260px minmax(0, 1fr) 300px;
  gap: 2.5rem;
  padding: 1.5rem 0 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}
.layout-article-detail .sticky-rail {
  position: sticky; top: 1rem;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 2rem);
  overflow-y: auto;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
}
.layout-article-detail .panel {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-article-detail .panel h4 {
  font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .5rem;
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-weight: 700;
}

/* Left TOC */
.layout-article-detail .toc-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .35rem; font-size: .9rem; padding: 0; }
.layout-article-detail .toc-list li { list-style: none; }
.layout-article-detail .toc-list a {
  color: var(--c-text-main); display: block; padding: .25rem .5rem;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent; transition: color .15s, border-color .15s, background .15s;
}
.layout-article-detail .toc-list a:hover,
.layout-article-detail .toc-list a.active {
  border-left-color: var(--c-primary); color: var(--c-primary);
  font-weight: 600; background: var(--c-bg-alt); text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-article-detail .toc-sub { padding-left: 1rem; font-size: .85rem; }
.layout-article-detail .toc-sub li { margin: 0; }

/* Article main */
.layout-article-detail .article-main {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); padding: 2.5rem 3rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-article-detail .article-header {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c-bg-alt); padding-bottom: 1.75rem; margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.layout-article-detail .article-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 2.4vw, 2.2rem); font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  line-height: 1.3; margin: 1rem 0 1rem; font-family: var(--font-reading);
}
.layout-article-detail .authors {
  font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--c-primary); margin-bottom: .9rem; line-height: 1.55;
}
.layout-article-detail .authors strong { font-weight: 600; }
.layout-article-detail .affiliations { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.7; }
.layout-article-detail .corresponding-email { color: var(--c-primary); margin-top: .35rem; }

.layout-article-detail .meta-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(180px, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt); padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); font-size: .85rem; border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.layout-article-detail .meta-grid strong {
  color: var(--c-text-dark); display: block; margin-bottom: .2rem;
  font-size: .75rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; font-weight: 700;
}
.layout-article-detail .meta-grid a { color: var(--c-primary); word-break: break-word; }

/* Article body */
.layout-article-detail .article-content {
  font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.85; color: #1e293b;
}
.layout-article-detail .article-content h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 1.4rem; margin: 2.5rem 0 1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  padding-bottom: .4rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); font-weight: 700;
}
.layout-article-detail .article-content h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 1.15rem; margin: 1.75rem 0 .75rem; color: var(--c-text-main); font-weight: 600;
}
.layout-article-detail .article-content p { margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
.layout-article-detail .article-content ul,
.layout-article-detail .article-content ol { margin-bottom: 1.25rem; padding-left: 2rem; }
.layout-article-detail .article-content li { margin-bottom: .4rem; }

.layout-article-detail .keywords-line {
  margin: 1rem 0 2rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: .95rem;
  color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.6;
}
.layout-article-detail .keywords-line strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); }

/* Citation widget */
.layout-article-detail .citation-widget {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); margin: 2rem 0; font-family: var(--font-ui); overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-article-detail .citation-tabs {
  display: flex; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); background: var(--c-bg-surface);
}
.layout-article-detail .tab-btn {
  flex: 1; padding: .85rem 1rem; border: none; background: transparent;
  font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-muted); cursor: pointer;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transition: all .15s; outline: none;
  font-size: .9rem; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-article-detail .tab-btn:hover { color: var(--c-primary); background: var(--c-bg-alt); }
.layout-article-detail .tab-btn.active {
  color: var(--c-primary); border-bottom-color: var(--c-primary); background: var(--c-bg-body);
}
.layout-article-detail .tab-content { padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem; background: var(--c-bg-surface); }
.layout-article-detail .tab-pane { display: none; font-size: .98rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); line-height: 1.6; }
.layout-article-detail .tab-pane.active { display: block; }
.layout-article-detail .citation-actions {
  padding: .9rem 1.5rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt); border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem;
}
.layout-article-detail .copy-success { color: var(--c-accent); font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 600; opacity: 0; transition: opacity .2s; }
.layout-article-detail .copy-success.show { opacity: 1; }

/* References */
.layout-article-detail .references-list {
  padding-left: 1.5rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: .92rem;
  line-height: 1.7; color: var(--c-text-main);
}
.layout-article-detail .references-list li { margin-bottom: .7rem; }

/* Right tools rail */
.layout-article-detail .tool-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .65rem; font-size: .92rem; padding: 0; }
.layout-article-detail .tool-list li { list-style: none; }
.layout-article-detail .tool-list a {
  color: var(--c-text-main); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .4rem;
  text-decoration: none; padding: .1rem 0;
}
.layout-article-detail .tool-list a:hover { color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-article-detail .panel.download-panel { background: var(--c-bg-alt); border-top: 4px solid var(--c-accent); }
.layout-article-detail .download-panel .btn-accent {
  background: var(--c-accent); color: #fff; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 1rem;
  padding: .8rem; font-size: 1rem;
}
.layout-article-detail .download-panel .btn-accent:hover { background: var(--c-accent-hover); color: #fff; }
.layout-article-detail .metric-item {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
  font-size: .92rem; margin-bottom: .55rem;
  border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .35rem;
}
.layout-article-detail .metric-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; margin-bottom: 0; }
.layout-article-detail .metric-item span { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.layout-article-detail .metric-item strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; }

/* Share panel — 4 equal-width chips with icon + label */
.layout-article-detail .share-row {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: .5rem;
}
.layout-article-detail .share-btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: .35rem;
  padding: .45rem .65rem; border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  color: var(--c-text-dark); font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 600;
  font-family: var(--font-ui); text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer;
  transition: background .15s, color .15s, border-color .15s;
}
.layout-article-detail .share-btn:hover {
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; border-color: var(--c-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-article-detail .share-btn .share-label { font-size: .78rem; }

@media (max-width: 1200px) {
  .layout-article-detail .article-grid { grid-template-columns: 220px minmax(0, 1fr) 260px; gap: 1.5rem; }
}
@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-article-detail .article-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 260px; }
  .layout-article-detail .toc-rail { display: none; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-article-detail .article-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-article-detail .tools-rail { position: static; }
  .layout-article-detail .article-main { padding: 1.5rem; }
  .layout-article-detail .article-title { font-size: 1.5rem; }
  .layout-article-detail .citation-tabs { flex-direction: column; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   24. Single Issue TOC Layout (port of 合作刊网站/3-Current Issue.html)
   Applies under `.layout-issue-detail`. Issue header card + grouped TOC
   sections with abstract-toggle rows. Narrower 1200px container — TOC lines
   read better when not stretched too wide.
   ========================================================================== */

/* Issue-detail keeps the global 1280 container so the shared header /
   breadcrumb / footer stay visually consistent with every other page.
   The design's narrower 1200 "reading column" is achieved on the inner
   issue-header and toc-section blocks via their own max-width below —
   not by squeezing the page chrome. */
.layout-issue-detail .issue-header,
.layout-issue-detail .toc-section {
  max-width: 1100px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;
}

.layout-issue-detail .issue-header {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 2rem; margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
  display: flex; gap: 2.5rem; align-items: flex-start; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-issue-detail .issue-cover-card {
  width: 180px; flex-shrink: 0; border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); overflow: hidden; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
}
.layout-issue-detail .issue-cover-card img,
.layout-issue-detail .issue-cover-card svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; }

.layout-issue-detail .issue-info { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.layout-issue-detail .issue-title {
  font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  margin-bottom: .5rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); line-height: 1.25;
}
.layout-issue-detail .issue-meta {
  font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1.5rem;
}
.layout-issue-detail .issue-desc { font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; color: var(--c-text-main); }
.layout-issue-detail .issue-actions {
  display: flex; gap: 1rem; padding-top: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border); flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* TOC sections */
.layout-issue-detail .toc-section {
  margin-bottom: 2rem; background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-issue-detail .toc-section-header {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); padding: .9rem 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c-primary);
  font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
}

.layout-issue-detail .toc-item {
  display: flex; padding: 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  gap: 1.5rem; transition: background .15s;
}
.layout-issue-detail .toc-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.layout-issue-detail .toc-item:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); }
.layout-issue-detail .toc-pages {
  width: 90px; flex-shrink: 0; font-size: .9rem;
  color: var(--c-text-muted); font-weight: 500; text-align: right;
}
.layout-issue-detail .toc-content { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.layout-issue-detail .toc-article-title {
  font-size: 1.2rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .3rem; display: block; line-height: 1.4;
}
.layout-issue-detail .toc-article-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.layout-issue-detail .toc-authors { font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-primary); margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.layout-issue-detail .toc-meta-row {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  margin-top: .8rem; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;
}
.layout-issue-detail .toc-doi { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.layout-issue-detail .toc-actions { display: flex; gap: .6rem; align-items: center; }

/* Abstract toggle */
.layout-issue-detail .abstract-toggle {
  background: transparent; color: var(--c-primary); padding: .3rem .5rem;
  border: none; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; font-size: .9rem; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-issue-detail .abstract-toggle:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.layout-issue-detail .abstract-container {
  display: none; margin-top: 1rem; padding: 1rem 1.2rem;
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); border-left: 3px solid var(--c-primary);
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
  font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.6;
}
.layout-issue-detail .abstract-container.show { display: block; }

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-issue-detail .issue-header { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; padding: 1.5rem; }
  .layout-issue-detail .issue-meta { justify-content: center; }
  .layout-issue-detail .issue-actions { justify-content: center; }
  .layout-issue-detail .toc-item { flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; }
  .layout-issue-detail .toc-pages { width: auto; text-align: left; }
  .layout-issue-detail .toc-meta-row { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   25. All Issues Archive (port of 合作刊网站/21-all-issues.html)
   `.layout-all-issues`: sticky decade sidebar (240px) + content area with
   year blocks. Each year block holds responsive horizontal issue cards
   (cover thumbnail + info). Scrollspy highlights the active decade.
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-all-issues .page-header {
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-end; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;
}
.layout-all-issues .page-title {
  font-size: 2.2rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); color: var(--c-text-dark);
  margin-bottom: .35rem;
}
.layout-all-issues .page-subtitle { color: var(--c-text-muted); margin: 0; font-size: 1rem; }

.layout-all-issues .archive-search {
  display: flex; align-items: center; border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  overflow: hidden; min-width: 280px;
}
.layout-all-issues .archive-search input { padding: .55rem 1rem; border: none; outline: none; font-size: .95rem; width: 100%; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-all-issues .archive-search button { background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: none; padding: .55rem 1rem; cursor: pointer; border-left: 1px solid var(--c-border); color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 600; font-family: var(--font-ui); }

.layout-all-issues .archive-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 240px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 2.5rem; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

/* Decade sidebar */
.layout-all-issues .decade-rail {
  position: sticky; top: 1rem; background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-lg); overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-all-issues .decade-rail-title {
  padding: .9rem 1.1rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
  font-weight: 700; font-size: .8rem; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-all-issues .decade-rail nav { padding: 0; }
.layout-all-issues .decade-rail nav a {
  display: block; padding: .7rem 1.1rem; font-size: .95rem;
  color: var(--c-text-main); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-left: 3px solid transparent; transition: all .15s; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-all-issues .decade-rail nav a:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.layout-all-issues .decade-rail nav a:hover,
.layout-all-issues .decade-rail nav a.active {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-primary);
  border-left-color: var(--c-primary); font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none;
}

/* Year blocks */
.layout-all-issues .decade-section { margin-bottom: 3rem; scroll-margin-top: 4rem; }
.layout-all-issues .decade-section:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.layout-all-issues .decade-title {
  font-size: 1.8rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .4rem;
  font-family: var(--font-reading);
}

.layout-all-issues .year-block {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.5rem 1.75rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-all-issues .year-header {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .8rem; margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}
.layout-all-issues .year-title { font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.layout-all-issues .year-vol { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-reading); }

/* Issue cards */
.layout-all-issues .issue-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr)); gap: 1.25rem;
}
.layout-all-issues .issue-card {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md); padding: 1rem;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.1rem;
  transition: transform .2s, border-color .2s, box-shadow .2s; text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
}
.layout-all-issues .issue-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px); border-color: var(--c-primary-light);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-all-issues .issue-card.current {
  border-color: var(--c-accent); box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--c-accent); background: #f0fdf4;
}

.layout-all-issues .cover-wrapper {
  width: 75px; flex-shrink: 0; aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.1); background: #fff; overflow: hidden;
  display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center;
}
.layout-all-issues .cover-wrapper svg,
.layout-all-issues .cover-wrapper img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }

.layout-all-issues .issue-info { flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; min-width: 0; }
.layout-all-issues .issue-badge {
  align-self: flex-start; padding: .12rem .5rem; background: var(--c-accent); color: #fff;
  font-size: .68rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: .35rem; letter-spacing: .04em;
}
.layout-all-issues .issue-number {
  font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  margin-bottom: .15rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); transition: color .2s;
}
.layout-all-issues .issue-card:hover .issue-number { color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-all-issues .issue-date { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: .35rem; }
.layout-all-issues .issue-link { font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-primary); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .15rem; }

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-all-issues .archive-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-all-issues .decade-rail { position: static; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .layout-all-issues .issue-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-all-issues .page-title { font-size: 1.8rem; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   26. Special Issues Listing (port of 合作刊网站/4-special issues.html)
   `.layout-special-issues`: page intro + propose banner + tab switcher
   (Open / Closed) + filter bar + responsive SI card grid.
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-special-issues .page-header { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.layout-special-issues .page-title {
  font-size: 2.2rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: .5rem; font-family: var(--font-reading);
}
.layout-special-issues .page-desc { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); max-width: 800px; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }

.layout-special-issues .propose-banner {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-primary-light);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--c-primary); padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); display: flex; justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center; margin-bottom: 2rem; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.layout-special-issues .propose-banner h3 { color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .2rem; font-size: 1.15rem; }
.layout-special-issues .propose-banner p { margin: 0; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .92rem; }

.layout-special-issues .si-tabs {
  display: flex; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem; gap: 1.75rem;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-tab {
  padding: .8rem 0; font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  cursor: pointer; border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
  background: none; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right: none;
  outline: none; transition: all .15s; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-special-issues .si-tab:hover { color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-special-issues .si-tab.active { color: var(--c-primary); border-bottom-color: var(--c-primary); }

.layout-special-issues .filter-bar {
  display: flex; gap: .75rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap;
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); padding: .9rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.layout-special-issues .filter-search {
  flex: 1; min-width: 240px; display: flex; align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: var(--c-bg-body); overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-special-issues .filter-search input {
  width: 100%; padding: .55rem 1rem; border: none; background: transparent;
  outline: none; font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: .92rem;
}
.layout-special-issues .filter-select {
  padding: .55rem; border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-family: var(--font-ui); background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  color: var(--c-text-dark); outline: none; min-width: 150px; font-size: .92rem;
}

/* Grid + card */
.layout-special-issues .si-grid-container { display: none; }
.layout-special-issues .si-grid-container.active {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(360px, 1fr)); gap: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.layout-special-issues .si-card {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  overflow: hidden; transition: box-shadow .2s, border-color .2s;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); transform: none;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-card:hover {
  border-color: #cbd5e1; box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); transform: none;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-card-body { padding: 1.4rem 1.5rem; flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.layout-special-issues .si-card-header {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-start;
  margin-bottom: .9rem; gap: .75rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.layout-special-issues .badge-open {
  background: #e0f2fe; color: #0369a1; border: 1px solid #7dd3fc;
  padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.layout-special-issues .badge-closed {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-text-muted); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-added-date { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); }

.layout-special-issues .si-title {
  font-size: 1.2rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--c-text-dark); line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-title a { color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.layout-special-issues .si-title a:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }

.layout-special-issues .si-editors {
  font-size: .9rem; margin-bottom: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-main);
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); padding: .7rem .9rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.layout-special-issues .si-editors strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); display: block; margin-bottom: .25rem; font-size: .85rem; }

.layout-special-issues .si-topics {
  font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  line-height: 1.5; flex: 1;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-topics strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); }

.layout-special-issues .si-card-footer {
  padding: 1rem 1.5rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .75rem;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-deadline {
  font-size: .92rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .35rem;
}
.layout-special-issues .si-deadline.urgent { color: #dc2626; }
.layout-special-issues .si-card-footer .article-count { font-size: .88rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); }

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-special-issues .si-grid-container.active { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr)); }
  .layout-special-issues .propose-banner { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-special-issues .filter-bar { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
  .layout-special-issues .filter-select { width: 100%; }
  .layout-special-issues .si-card-footer { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .layout-special-issues .si-card-footer .btn { width: 100%; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   27. Special Issue Detail (port of 合作刊网站/4.2-SI detail.html)
   `.layout-si-detail`: white hero card + 2-col layout
   (main content + 320px sticky sidebar with deadline action panel).
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-si-detail .si-hero {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); padding: 2.25rem 2.5rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  margin-bottom: 2rem; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-si-detail .si-title {
  font-size: 2rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); color: var(--c-text-dark);
  font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.3; margin: .65rem 0 1.25rem;
}
.layout-si-detail .si-hero-meta {
  display: flex; gap: 1.5rem; font-size: .92rem;
  color: var(--c-text-muted); flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.layout-si-detail .si-hero-meta strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); }

/* Hero badges */
.layout-si-detail .badge-open {
  background: #e0f2fe; color: #0369a1; border: 1px solid #7dd3fc;
  padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.layout-si-detail .badge-closed {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-text-muted); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase;
}

.layout-si-detail .si-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 320px;
  gap: 2.5rem; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 4rem;
}
.layout-si-detail .sticky-sidebar { position: sticky; top: 1rem; }

/* Content blocks */
.layout-si-detail .content-section {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); padding: 1.75rem 2rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-si-detail .content-section h2 {
  font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding-bottom: .65rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-si-detail .rich-text {
  font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 1.02rem; line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--c-text-main);
}
.layout-si-detail .rich-text p { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.layout-si-detail .rich-text p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.layout-si-detail .rich-text-heading {
  font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin: 1.5rem 0 .8rem; font-weight: 700;
}

/* Keyword tag chips */
.layout-si-detail .keyword-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; }
.layout-si-detail .keyword-tag {
  background: var(--c-bg-body); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding: .3rem .8rem; border-radius: 99px; font-size: .85rem;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
}

/* Guest editor card */
.layout-si-detail .editor-card {
  display: flex; gap: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  padding-bottom: 1.25rem; border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
}
.layout-si-detail .editor-card:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 0; border-bottom: none; }
.layout-si-detail .editor-avatar {
  width: 56px; height: 56px; background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff;
  border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; flex-shrink: 0;
}
.layout-si-detail .editor-avatar.has-photo {
  background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 0; overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-si-detail .editor-avatar img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block; border-radius: 50%;
}
.layout-si-detail .editor-info h4 { color: var(--c-primary); margin-bottom: .2rem; font-size: 1rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-si-detail .editor-info p { font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); line-height: 1.5; margin: 0; }

/* Legacy EditorsDetail HTML fallback: light styling so the <p>/<strong>/<a>
   from the old CMS still reads cleanly inside the modern panel. */
.layout-si-detail .editors-html { font-size: .95rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--c-text-main); }
.layout-si-detail .editors-html p { margin: 0 0 .35rem; }
.layout-si-detail .editors-html p > strong:only-child,
.layout-si-detail .editors-html p:first-of-type strong { color: var(--c-primary); font-size: 1.02rem; font-weight: 700; }
.layout-si-detail .editors-html a { color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-si-detail .editors-html a:hover { color: var(--c-primary-hover); }
.layout-si-detail .editors-html p:empty { display: none; }

/* Article rows inside the SI */
.layout-si-detail .si-article-row {
  padding: 1.25rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .35rem;
}
.layout-si-detail .si-article-row:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.layout-si-detail .si-article-row:last-child  { padding-bottom: 0; border-bottom: none; }
.layout-si-detail .si-article-meta { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); display: flex; gap: 1rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.layout-si-detail .si-article-meta .badge-oa {
  background: #d1fae5; color: #065f46; border: 1px solid #34d399;
  padding: .15rem .5rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.layout-si-detail .si-article-title {
  font-size: 1.15rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--c-text-dark); display: block; line-height: 1.4;
}
.layout-si-detail .si-article-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.layout-si-detail .si-article-authors { font-size: .92rem; color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-si-detail .si-article-foot { display: flex; gap: 1rem; font-size: .85rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.layout-si-detail .si-article-foot .doi { color: var(--c-text-muted); }

/* Sidebar */
.layout-si-detail .action-panel {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: 1px solid var(--c-primary-light);
  padding: 1.5rem; border-radius: var(--radius-lg); margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  text-align: center; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-si-detail .deadline-text {
  font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 700; color: #dc2626; margin-bottom: .2rem;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: .35rem;
}
.layout-si-detail .deadline-text.closed { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.layout-si-detail .action-panel .panel-sub {
  font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}
.layout-si-detail .action-panel .btn-accent {
  background: var(--c-accent); color: #fff; width: 100%;
  font-size: 1rem; padding: .75rem;
}
.layout-si-detail .action-panel .btn-accent:hover { background: var(--c-accent-hover); color: #fff; }

.layout-si-detail .info-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .65rem; font-size: .92rem; }
.layout-si-detail .info-list li { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; }
.layout-si-detail .info-list a { color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-si-detail .info-list a:hover { color: var(--c-primary-hover); }

.layout-si-detail .share-row { display: flex; gap: .5rem; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.layout-si-detail .share-row .btn { flex: 1; min-width: 110px; }

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-si-detail .si-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-si-detail .sticky-sidebar { position: static; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-si-detail .si-hero { padding: 1.5rem; }
  .layout-si-detail .si-title { font-size: 1.5rem; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   28. Author Guidelines / Long-form CMS pages (port of 5-for-authors.html)
   `.layout-author-guidelines`: sticky TOC sidebar + reading panel with
   scrollspy. Each <section id="..."> in journal_pages.content becomes a
   sidebar nav entry. Includes alert-box + template-box accent components.
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-author-guidelines .page-header {
  margin-bottom: 2rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .page-title {
  font-size: 2.3rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); color: var(--c-text-dark);
  margin-bottom: .3rem;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .last-updated { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); }

.layout-author-guidelines .guide-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 260px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 2.5rem; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail {
  position: sticky; top: 1rem;
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail-title {
  padding: .9rem 1.1rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
  font-weight: 700; font-size: .82rem; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail nav { padding: 0; }
.layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail nav a {
  display: block; padding: .7rem 1.1rem; font-size: .95rem;
  color: var(--c-text-main); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-left: 3px solid transparent; transition: all .15s; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail nav a:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail nav a:hover,
.layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail nav a.active {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-primary);
  border-left-color: var(--c-primary); font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none;
}

.layout-author-guidelines .content-area {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); padding: 2.5rem 2.75rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section {
  margin-bottom: 3rem; scroll-margin-top: 5rem;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c-bg-alt); padding-bottom: .5rem; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}

/* Long-form reading typography */
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section,
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section p,
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section li {
  font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 1.02rem; line-height: 1.78; color: var(--c-text-main);
}
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section h3,
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-ui); color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 700;
  margin: 1.75rem 0 .75rem;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section h4 { font-size: 1.05rem; }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section p { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section ul,
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section ol { margin: 0 0 1.25rem; padding-left: 1.5rem; }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section li { margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section a { color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section a:hover { color: var(--c-primary-hover); }
.layout-author-guidelines .guide-section strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); }

/* Components */
.layout-author-guidelines .template-box {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem; margin: 1.5rem 0; padding: 0;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .template-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .9rem;
  transition: transform .2s, border-color .2s; text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .template-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px); border-color: var(--c-primary-light); text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .template-icon { font-size: 1.8rem; color: var(--c-primary); flex-shrink: 0; }
.layout-author-guidelines .template-info h5 { margin-bottom: .15rem; font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-author-guidelines .template-info p { font-size: .8rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-ui); }

.layout-author-guidelines .alert-box {
  background: #fffbeb; border: 1px solid #fde68a; border-left: 4px solid #f59e0b;
  padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); margin: 1.5rem 0;
}
.layout-author-guidelines .alert-box h5 {
  color: #92400e; margin-bottom: .35rem; font-size: 1rem;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .35rem; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-author-guidelines .alert-box p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-author-guidelines .guide-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-author-guidelines .toc-rail { position: static; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-author-guidelines .content-area { padding: 1.5rem; }
  .layout-author-guidelines .page-title { font-size: 1.8rem; }
}

/* =============================================================================
   29. Editorial Board (port of 7-editorial-board.html)
   `.layout-editorial-board`: page header with live-filter search, big EIC
   card, then Associate Editors + Editorial Board Members responsive grids.
   ========================================================================== */

.layout-editorial-board .page-header {
  margin-bottom: 2rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-end; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1.25rem;
}
.layout-editorial-board .page-title {
  font-size: 2.3rem; font-family: var(--font-reading); color: var(--c-text-dark);
  margin-bottom: .35rem;
}
.layout-editorial-board .page-desc { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); max-width: 720px; margin: 0; }

.layout-editorial-board .board-search {
  display: flex; align-items: center; border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  overflow: hidden; min-width: 280px;
}
.layout-editorial-board .board-search input {
  padding: .55rem 1rem; border: none; outline: none; font-size: .95rem;
  width: 100%; font-family: var(--font-ui); background: transparent;
}
.layout-editorial-board .board-search .icon { padding: 0 .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); }

.layout-editorial-board .section-title {
  font-size: 1.4rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin: 2.5rem 0 1.25rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .4rem;
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-weight: 700;
}

/* Editor-in-Chief featured card */
.layout-editorial-board .eic-card {
  display: flex; gap: 2rem; background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  padding: 2rem 2.25rem; border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.layout-editorial-board .avatar-lg {
  width: 110px; height: 110px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff;
  border: 4px solid var(--c-bg-body); flex-shrink: 0;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.85rem; font-weight: 700; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-editorial-board .editor-info h3 {
  font-size: 1.45rem; color: var(--c-primary); margin-bottom: .3rem; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-editorial-board .editor-role {
  font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-accent); margin-bottom: .5rem;
  font-size: .85rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em;
}
.layout-editorial-board .editor-affiliation {
  font-size: 1rem; color: var(--c-text-main); margin-bottom: .75rem;
}
.layout-editorial-board .editor-expertise {
  font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); line-height: 1.5; margin: 0;
}
.layout-editorial-board .editor-expertise strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.layout-editorial-board .editor-links {
  margin-top: .8rem; display: flex; gap: 1rem; font-size: .88rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* Associate / Member cards */
.layout-editorial-board .board-grid {
  /* 3 columns at the 1400px container width — matches the MDPI / Springer
     editorial-board layout. Affiliations don't have to wrap awkwardly the
     way they do at 4 per row, and the grid drops cleanly to 2 then 1 column
     on narrower viewports. */
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(380px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.layout-editorial-board .member-card {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); padding: 1.25rem 1.35rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  transition: transform .2s, box-shadow .2s, border-color .2s;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
}
.layout-editorial-board .member-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); border-color: #cbd5e1;
}
.layout-editorial-board .member-header { display: flex; gap: .9rem; }
.layout-editorial-board .avatar-md {
  width: 56px; height: 56px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff;
  flex-shrink: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 700; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-editorial-board .avatar-lg.has-photo,
.layout-editorial-board .avatar-md.has-photo {
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-editorial-board .avatar-lg img,
.layout-editorial-board .avatar-md img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 50%;
}
.layout-editorial-board .member-name {
  font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--c-primary);
  margin-bottom: .15rem; line-height: 1.25; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
/* ORCID iD inline badge — sits next to the name without adding card height.
   Color (#A6CE39) and 'iD' wordmark are the ORCID brand convention used by
   Nature, Springer, Elsevier on their author pages. */
.orcid-id {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 16px; height: 16px;
  line-height: 16px;
  text-align: center;
  background: #A6CE39;
  color: #fff !important;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: system-ui, sans-serif;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  vertical-align: 2px;
  margin-left: .35em;
}
.orcid-id:hover { background: #94B832; }
.layout-editorial-board .member-affiliation {
  font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.4;
}
.layout-editorial-board .member-country {
  font-size: .8rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-top: .2rem;
}
.layout-editorial-board .member-links {
  margin-top: .8rem; padding-top: .75rem; border-top: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  display: flex; gap: .8rem; font-size: .82rem;
}

/* Join CTA */
.layout-editorial-board .join-cta {
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: 1px solid var(--c-primary-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 1.75rem; text-align: center;
  margin: 3rem 0 4rem; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-editorial-board .join-cta h3 { color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .5rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); }
.layout-editorial-board .join-cta p { color: var(--c-text-muted); margin-bottom: 1.25rem; max-width: 620px; margin-inline: auto; }

/* Filter hidden state (for live search) */
.layout-editorial-board .hidden { display: none !important; }

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-editorial-board .page-header { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
  .layout-editorial-board .board-search { width: 100%; }
  .layout-editorial-board .eic-card { flex-direction: column; gap: 1.25rem; text-align: center; align-items: center; padding: 1.5rem; }
  .layout-editorial-board .editor-links { justify-content: center; }
}

/* =========================================================================
 * 30. News list (layout-news-list)
 * Horizontal feed (image left, content right) + sticky right sidebar with
 * search, category filter, year archive. Matches design news-list.html.
 * ========================================================================= */
.layout-news-list .page-header {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 2.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.layout-news-list .page-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem; font-family: var(--font-reading);
  color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .5rem;
}
.layout-news-list .page-subtitle {
  color: var(--c-text-muted); margin: 0; font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.layout-news-list .news-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 300px;
  gap: 3rem; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 5rem;
}

.layout-news-list .news-feed {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem;
}

.layout-news-list .news-item {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  display: flex; gap: 2rem; align-items: flex-start;
  transition: border-color .2s, box-shadow .2s, transform .2s;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-news-list .news-item:hover {
  border-color: var(--c-primary-light);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.layout-news-list .news-media {
  width: 220px; height: 130px;
  border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; flex-shrink: 0;
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: block;
}
.layout-news-list .news-media svg {
  width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block;
}
.layout-news-list .news-media img {
  width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; display: block;
  background: #fff; padding: .25rem;
}

.layout-news-list .news-body {
  flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; min-width: 0;
}
.layout-news-list .news-meta-row {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .75rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-news-list .news-date { font-weight: 500; }

.layout-news-list .news-title {
  font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--c-text-dark); line-height: 1.3; text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-news-list .news-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }

.layout-news-list .news-excerpt {
  font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.5;
  margin: .15rem 0 .25rem;
}
.layout-news-list .news-link {
  font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-primary);
  text-decoration: none; align-self: flex-start;
}
.layout-news-list .news-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* News badges (category-tinted) */
.layout-news-list .badge-news {
  display: inline-block; padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: 4px;
  font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .5px;
}
.layout-news-list .badge-announcements   { background: #e0f2fe; color: #0369a1; border: 1px solid #7dd3fc; }
.layout-news-list .badge-journal-updates { background: #ecfccb; color: #3f6212; border: 1px solid #bef264; }
.layout-news-list .badge-cover-story     { background: #ffedd5; color: #9a3412; border: 1px solid #fdba74; }
.layout-news-list .badge-indexing-news   { background: #f3e8ff; color: #6b21a8; border: 1px solid #d8b4fe; }
.layout-news-list .badge-featured-news,
.layout-news-list .badge-default         { background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-text-dark); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
.layout-news-list .badge-featured {
  background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; border: 1px solid #fde68a;
  display: inline-block; padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: 4px;
  font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .5px;
}

/* Sidebar */
.layout-news-list .news-sidebar {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem;
  position: sticky; top: 95px;
}
.layout-news-list .sidebar-widget {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.25rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-news-list .widget-title {
  font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .5px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .5rem;
}

.layout-news-list .sidebar-search {
  display: flex; border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: 4px; overflow: hidden;
}
.layout-news-list .sidebar-search input {
  flex: 1; border: none; outline: none; padding: .55rem .75rem;
  font-size: .9rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); background: transparent;
}
.layout-news-list .sidebar-search button {
  border: none; background: var(--c-bg-alt); padding: 0 .9rem; cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 600; font-size: .85rem;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.layout-news-list .sidebar-search button:hover { background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; }

.layout-news-list .filter-menu {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .25rem;
}
.layout-news-list .filter-btn {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  width: 100%; padding: .5rem .7rem; background: transparent; border: none;
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: .92rem;
  color: var(--c-text-main); text-align: left; cursor: pointer;
  border-radius: 4px; transition: background .15s, color .15s;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-news-list .filter-btn:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.layout-news-list .filter-btn.active { background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; font-weight: 600; }
.layout-news-list .filter-count {
  font-size: .75rem; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); padding: .1rem .55rem; border-radius: 99px;
}
.layout-news-list .filter-btn.active .filter-count { background: rgba(255,255,255,.2); color: #fff; }

.layout-news-list .archive-links {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .15rem;
}
.layout-news-list .archive-links a {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between;
  padding: .4rem .55rem; font-size: .92rem; color: var(--c-text-main);
  border-radius: 4px; text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-news-list .archive-links a:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }
.layout-news-list .archive-links a.active { background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; font-weight: 600; }
.layout-news-list .archive-links span { color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.layout-news-list .archive-links a.active span { color: rgba(255,255,255,.85); }

.layout-news-list .no-news {
  text-align: center; padding: 3rem 1rem; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  border-radius: 8px;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-news-list .news-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-news-list .news-sidebar { position: static; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr)); }
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .layout-news-list .news-item { flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.25rem; }
  .layout-news-list .news-media { width: 100%; height: 160px; }
  .layout-news-list .page-title { font-size: 2rem; }
}

/* =========================================================================
 * 31. News detail (layout-news-detail)
 * Article on the left + sticky sidebar (editorial office contact + recent
 * announcements). Matches design news-detail.html.
 * ========================================================================= */
.layout-news-detail .news-detail-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 340px;
  gap: 3rem; align-items: start; margin: 1.5rem 0 4rem;
}

.layout-news-detail .news-article {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  padding: 2.5rem 3rem;
}

.layout-news-detail .news-meta-top {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: 1rem;
}
.layout-news-detail .meta-left {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .75rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.layout-news-detail .news-date {
  font-family: var(--font-ui); color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 500;
}

.layout-news-detail .badge-news {
  display: inline-block; padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: 4px;
  font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .5px;
}
.layout-news-detail .badge-announcements   { background: #e0f2fe; color: #0369a1; border: 1px solid #7dd3fc; }
.layout-news-detail .badge-journal-updates { background: #ecfccb; color: #3f6212; border: 1px solid #bef264; }
.layout-news-detail .badge-cover-story     { background: #ffedd5; color: #9a3412; border: 1px solid #fdba74; }
.layout-news-detail .badge-indexing-news   { background: #f3e8ff; color: #6b21a8; border: 1px solid #d8b4fe; }
.layout-news-detail .badge-default         { background: var(--c-bg-alt); color: var(--c-text-dark); border: 1px solid var(--c-border); }
.layout-news-detail .badge-featured {
  background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; border: 1px solid #fde68a;
  display: inline-block; padding: .25rem .6rem; border-radius: 4px;
  font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .5px;
}

.layout-news-detail .share-tools { display: flex; gap: .5rem; }
.layout-news-detail .share-btn {
  width: 32px; height: 32px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--c-bg-alt); border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  display: inline-flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center;
  color: var(--c-text-muted); font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none; transition: background .15s, color .15s, border-color .15s;
}
.layout-news-detail .share-btn:hover {
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff; border-color: var(--c-primary);
}

.layout-news-detail .news-title {
  font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 2.2rem;
  color: var(--c-text-dark); line-height: 1.25;
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem; font-weight: 700;
}
.layout-news-detail .news-lead {
  font-size: 1.15rem; color: var(--c-text-main);
  font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}

.layout-news-detail .rich-text {
  font-family: var(--font-reading); font-size: 1.075rem;
  line-height: 1.75; color: #334155;
}
.layout-news-detail .rich-text p   { margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text h2  { font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 1.5rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin: 2.25rem 0 1rem; font-weight: 700; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text h3  { font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: 1.2rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); margin: 1.75rem 0 .75rem; font-weight: 700; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text ul,
.layout-news-detail .rich-text ol  { margin: 0 0 1.25rem 0; padding-left: 1.75rem; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text ul  { list-style-type: disc; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text ol  { list-style-type: decimal; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text li  { margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text a   { color: var(--c-primary); font-weight: 500; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 6px; }
.layout-news-detail .rich-text blockquote {
  margin: 2rem 0; padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--c-primary); background: #f8fafc;
  font-style: italic; font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
}

.layout-news-detail .news-footer {
  margin-top: 2.5rem; padding-top: 1.25rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
}

/* Sidebar */
.layout-news-detail .news-sidebar {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem;
  position: sticky; top: 95px;
}
.layout-news-detail .sidebar-widget {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.4rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-news-detail .widget-title {
  font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .5px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border); padding-bottom: .5rem;
}

.layout-news-detail .media-contact p {
  font-size: .9rem; color: var(--c-text-main); margin-bottom: .5rem;
}
.layout-news-detail .media-contact strong { color: var(--c-text-dark); }
.layout-news-detail .media-contact a { color: var(--c-primary); font-weight: 500; }

.layout-news-detail .recent-news-list {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem;
}
.layout-news-detail .recent-news-item { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .2rem; }
.layout-news-detail .recent-news-date { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); }
.layout-news-detail .recent-news-title {
  font-size: .92rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  line-height: 1.4; font-family: var(--font-ui); text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-news-detail .recent-news-title:hover { color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none; }

.layout-news-detail .view-all-news {
  display: block; margin-top: 1.25rem; text-align: center;
  font-size: .85rem; padding: .5rem 0;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-news-detail .news-detail-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-news-detail .news-sidebar { position: static; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-news-detail .news-article { padding: 1.5rem; }
  .layout-news-detail .news-title { font-size: 1.7rem; }
}

/* =========================================================================
 * 32. Online First listing (layout-online-first)
 * Left filter sidebar + right content with notice box and TOC-style cards.
 * Matches design 22-online-first.html.
 * ========================================================================= */
.layout-online-first .page-header {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 2.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end;
  flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;
}
.layout-online-first .page-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem; font-family: var(--font-reading);
  color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .35rem;
}
.layout-online-first .page-subtitle {
  color: var(--c-text-muted); margin: 0; font-size: 1rem;
}

.layout-online-first .article-search {
  display: flex; align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border); border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); overflow: hidden; min-width: 280px;
}
.layout-online-first .article-search input {
  flex: 1; border: none; outline: none;
  padding: .55rem .9rem; font-size: .95rem; font-family: var(--font-ui);
  background: transparent;
}
.layout-online-first .article-search button {
  border: none; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
  padding: .55rem 1rem; cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--c-text-dark); font-weight: 600; font-size: .9rem;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.layout-online-first .article-search button:hover {
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff;
}

.layout-online-first .online-first-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 240px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 3rem; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

/* Filter sidebar */
.layout-online-first .filter-sidebar {
  position: sticky; top: 90px;
  background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg); overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.layout-online-first .filter-header {
  padding: .85rem 1.1rem; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
  font-weight: 700; font-size: .8rem; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .5px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
}
.layout-online-first .filter-btn {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  width: 100%; padding: .7rem 1.1rem;
  background: transparent; border: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  font-family: var(--font-ui); font-size: .92rem;
  color: var(--c-text-main); text-align: left; cursor: pointer;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent; transition: background .15s, color .15s, border-color .15s;
}
.layout-online-first .filter-btn:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.layout-online-first .filter-btn:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); }
.layout-online-first .filter-btn.active {
  color: var(--c-primary); border-left-color: var(--c-primary);
  font-weight: 600; background: var(--c-bg-alt);
}
.layout-online-first .filter-count {
  font-size: .72rem; color: var(--c-text-muted);
  background: var(--c-border); padding: .1rem .55rem;
  border-radius: 99px;
}
.layout-online-first .filter-btn.active .filter-count {
  background: var(--c-primary); color: #fff;
}

/* Content area */
.layout-online-first .content-area {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem;
}

.layout-online-first .notice-box {
  background: #eff6ff;
  border: 1px solid #bfdbfe;
  border-left: 4px solid #3b82f6;
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: .95rem; color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.55;
}

.layout-online-first .article-list {
  background: var(--c-bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden; box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.layout-online-first .toc-item {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  padding: 1.5rem 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c-border);
  transition: background .2s;
}
.layout-online-first .toc-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.layout-online-first .toc-item:hover { background: var(--c-bg-alt); }

.layout-online-first .toc-header-row {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: .65rem; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem;
  font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-online-first .publish-date {
  font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-primary-dark);
}

.layout-online-first .badge-type {
  background: #e0e7ff; color: #3730a3; border: 1px solid #a5b4fc;
  padding: .15rem .55rem; border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .5px;
}

.layout-online-first .toc-article-title {
  font-size: 1.2rem; font-family: var(--font-reading);
  font-weight: 600; color: var(--c-text-dark);
  line-height: 1.4; display: block; margin-bottom: .35rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.layout-online-first .toc-article-title:hover {
  color: var(--c-primary); text-decoration: none;
}

.layout-online-first .toc-authors {
  font-size: .92rem; color: var(--c-text-main);
  margin-bottom: .75rem;
}

.layout-online-first .toc-meta-row {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  margin-top: .25rem; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;
}
.layout-online-first .toc-meta-info {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .9rem; flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-size: .85rem; color: var(--c-text-muted); font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-online-first .badge-oa {
  background: #d1fae5; color: #065f46; border: 1px solid #34d399;
  padding: .15rem .55rem; border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .5px;
}
.layout-online-first .doi-line a { color: var(--c-primary); }
.layout-online-first .doi-line a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.layout-online-first .toc-actions {
  display: flex; gap: .6rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.layout-online-first .toggle-abstract {
  background: transparent; border: none; padding: 0;
  color: var(--c-primary); font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer; font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.layout-online-first .toggle-abstract:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.layout-online-first .abstract-container {
  display: none;
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.2rem;
  background: #f8fafc;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--c-primary);
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
  font-size: .94rem; color: var(--c-text-main); line-height: 1.6;
  font-family: var(--font-reading);
}
.layout-online-first .abstract-container.show { display: block; }

.layout-online-first .no-results {
  display: none; text-align: center; padding: 3rem 1rem;
  color: var(--c-text-muted);
  background: var(--c-bg-surface); border: 1px dashed var(--c-border);
  border-radius: 8px;
}
.layout-online-first .no-results h3 { color: var(--c-text-dark); margin-bottom: .35rem; }

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .layout-online-first .online-first-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-online-first .filter-sidebar { position: static; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .layout-online-first .page-header { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
  .layout-online-first .article-search { width: 100%; }
  .layout-online-first .toc-item { padding: 1.25rem; }
  .layout-online-first .toc-meta-row { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
}

/* ---- Back-to-top floating button ----------------------------------------- */
.back-to-top {
  position: fixed;
  right: 1.5rem;
  bottom: 1.5rem;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--c-border, #e5e7eb);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--c-bg-surface, #ffffff);
  color: var(--c-primary, #1e3a8a);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.15);
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(8px);
  transition: opacity 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease, background-color 150ms ease, color 150ms ease;
  z-index: 999;
}
.back-to-top.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}
.back-to-top:hover,
.back-to-top:focus-visible {
  background: var(--c-primary, #1e3a8a);
  color: #ffffff;
  outline: none;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .back-to-top {
    right: 1rem;
    bottom: 1rem;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
  }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .back-to-top { transition: opacity 100ms linear; transform: none; }
}